Extreme Heat Could Cost Cities in Europe and Central Asia 2.5% of GDP Annually by 2050

WASHINGTON, June 24, 2025—Cities across Europe and Central Asia (ECA) have experienced a sharp and consistent rise in temperatures in recent decades, which is projected to triple the already tens of thousands of heat-related deaths and decrease annual GDP by an estimated 2.5 percent by 2050, according to a new report by the World Bank and the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery released today.

The report, Unlivable: How Cities in Europe and Central Asia Can Survive and Thrive in a Hotter Future, says the number of hot days in the region’s major cities, where over 70% of people live, could more than triple by 2050, with many cities likely to experience more than 40-70 additional hot days per year, especially in Southern Europe and Türkiye.